One day Shipras mother discovered a spindle or a nodule in her throat.She also feel a rigid thing in her throat.At once she called Shipra to see it.Shipra also became worried to see it.At last Shipra took her mother an ENT specialist once evening.
Doctor suggested them to make an ultrasnogram of thyroid gland and some hormone tests of blood.Next day Shipras went to that doctor and he referred the patient to a hormone specialist.
Now a days many ask a question about thyroid problem.Actually what is thyroid?what is its work in body?Does thyroid problem mean goiter disease?Can thyroid nodule be a cancer?If spindle is seen in throat,it should be a operation?
Thyroid is an important gland:
Thyroid problem is not only problem in our country but also all over world.At present to avail many opportunities of laboratory tests and availability and consciousness of patients and doctors can be screening this disease easily.Women are more risk by this disease than male.It is the largest gland of our body.It is situated in front of our throat;divided into two parts;one is narrow part or connected by isthomas.Two hormone are creating from thyroid gland;one is thyroxine and another is triiodothyronine which are essential for completing physical activity.
Growing child,even prior to birth of of child it is very important.Actually it is very important for brain growth.For growing heart,brain,lung,skin,kidney,liver, muscles etc ,thyroid hormone is very essential.Any kinds of problem or complication will be happened due to thyroid hormone such as obstruction of child growing, to build up children and adolescence and becoming youth,fatigue of older age people,reduce power of activity,uncontroling of body temperature,becoming skin dry,problem of pulse rhythm,menstruation and pregnancy problem.
but every kinds of problem thyroid gland may not be large.In health science the health scientists call this situation thyroid nodule which sometimes can be cancer but spindle or any kind of rigid thing in thyroid gland is not always cancer.
why is to be spindle or rigid thing in thyroid gland:
It is not unavailable in the world.It is said that 4% people of America are affected by thyroid nodule.There is no actual statistics in our country.Again guess that general people ,especially it is done an ultrasound of thyroid gland of throat can be found thyroid spindle or nodule of about 50% people ,again who are females,although most of them do not see from outside.
But 95% spindle or nodule are innocent or not malignant.But the remain 5% nodule are marked as cancer.It may be a cyst ,which is a part of goitre disease,a normal goitre due to lack of iodine,infection in thyroid gland,an innocent tumor,which are not harmful.Again this nodule may be a cancer and sometimes may be only symptoms,which may be cancer or various types.
But we have to understand that this spindle may be cancer or non-malignant.But doing some tests or details history of the patients or looking size and shape we understand that this will be malicious or not.
Which nodule is more risk of cancer:
There are more symptoms are found in females like it or as well as other thyroid problems.But in males and very less age very old age such as before 14 years and after 70 years if there is nodule in it of throat may be thinkable or serious.
Recent pregnancy history and in family mother and sisters are experience hypothyroid and goitre,there is nothing for thinking.
Innocent nodule,usually stable for long time or no change of it or growing very slowly,is not serious but growing fast or changing quickly may be serious.Radiation in neck,head,throat is bad in childhood story.Many times radiation should be given in child in case of Lymphoma and other diseases.
It prevailed over after Chernobil accident in Russia and it was said that this cancer was proved due to this accident and also it is seen in adjacent Belarus and other places after accident of four years.
Any way,below 1 cm in size and soft nodule is innocent.On the other hand,moderate soft or hard nodule ,attached to throat,above 2 cm long in size,other lymphocytes will be course,suddenly fragile voice and esophagus attacked are bad symptoms .After knowing patient personal history details,surroundings and environmental matters and to feel nodule by hand and neck,a ultrasnograpyhy should be done immediately and what is the situation of thyroid hormone by doing blood tests.It is very helpful of an ultrasnography report to diagnosis of cancer.Today,s high resolution of ultrasnography can be marked very little changing such as hypocogenicity,microcalcification or calcium coagulated in nodule,abnormal blood vessels in nodule or chaotic behavior,adjacent lymph gland,nerve,and other tissue are abnormal etc may be a serious doubt of the physicians.
Then a needle biopsy or FNAC should be needed.A needle should be entered in nodule to collect tissue which is put below microscope.Always it would not be diagnosis by needle biopsy.But at present,the histopathologists give 5 types report in case of thyroid nodule.When they will say that it is benign,this situation is not thinking as well as do not need any treatment.Or they will say that it is found cancer cells then specialist will take an operation.If they that report is unsolicited or unclear or don,t understand,again examination should be done.If it is cancer,thyroid hormone may not change.Hormone report may be normal Usually hyperthyroidism is never shown in case of malicious cancer.
Treatment of thyroid gland:
It,s success depends on it,s spread over,size and shape and staging such as if papillary cancer is limited only gland ,that means it is diagnosis due time ,it,s success is very satisfactory.It is very difficult to be optimistic to cure annaplstic or meditary cancer.In case of thyroid cancer,at first it should be cut by operation or surgery.As a result,the patient should be eaten thyroxine hormone for whole life.But now a days,the doctor do not cut whole part of it,they remain a part during operation so that this part can fill up thyroxine hormone.But operation is not a complete treatment at all.This type of patient should be observed every after 6 months or 1 year so that cancer may be seen again cancer remain any where or any part of the body,is easily find out.This follow up is sometimes difficult and can be completed various steps and one more doctors should be listed at this disease.
All nodules are not cancer but careful:
It is very available in many people all over the world but it is very good news that most of them are innocent.Most of the cases it can be occurred without any reasons,whose treatment is very easy and curable.All nodules or spindles are not malicious,some nodules probably 5% nodules are malignant.So if it is seen in thyroid gland,should be consulted your doctor immediately.If it is find out,treatment will be available and easy even it is malignant type.
Remember,in Bangladesh it is an endemic zone and thousands of people of Bangladesh are affected by this gland problem,especially women are more risky.
